The switch statement in getNumArguments covers all opcode cases, but the compiler
cannot prove exhaustiveness. Adding UNREACHABLE() followed by return 0 eliminates
the "control reaches end of non-void function" warning on strict compiler settings.
The documentation examples for the `from`, `to`, and `max` properties of the Range class were incorrectly using `.min` in their code samples. Updated the examples in `doc/site/modules/core/range.markdown` to call the correct methods: `.from` for the `from` property, `.to` for the `to` property, and `.max` for the `max` property, ensuring the printed output values match the documented behavior.
Replace the previous approach of desugaring import statements into calls to System.importModule() and System.getModuleVariable() with two new bytecode instructions: CODE_IMPORT_MODULE and CODE_IMPORT_VARIABLE. This eliminates the need for the corresponding primitive methods in the core library, adds proper debug dump support for the new opcodes, and updates the compiler to emit these instructions directly. The getNumArguments function is also updated to handle the new opcodes and the unreachable default case is removed.
The link target for the embedded API reference was pointing to
`embedding-api.html` but the actual generated page uses the path
`embedding` without the `.html` extension. This change fixes the
link so it resolves correctly on the documentation site.
When a fiber is started for the first time via call() or transfer(), the value argument is now bound to the fiber's function parameter if it takes one. Previously, the first value was always ignored. Also adds runtime error for fibers created with functions taking more than one parameter, and updates documentation and tests accordingly.
- Replace string concatenation with interpolation in class method examples
- Remove backticks from Fiber class references in concurrency docs
- Add guidelines for choosing between getters and empty-parentheses methods
- Clarify block syntax for single-expression functions and chaining
- Delete the empty "Application Lifecycle" page (was just a TODO placeholder)
- Expand "Storing C Data" from stub to full documentation covering foreign classes, initialization, access, and finalization
- Add note that VM is not re-entrant; warn against calling wrenCall/wrenInterpret from foreign methods
- Fix broken cross-reference links (configuring-the-vm.html, wren.hpp include)
- Clarify slot API usage: remove confusing sentence about implicit return of receiver
- Fix grammar: "each VM them differently" → "each VM differently", "is only be called" → "is only called"
- Improve phrasing throughout for clarity and consistency
Replace `Meta.eval()` to compile source into a fiber instead of a function, fixing issue #456 where top-level variable declarations failed in the REPL. Add `Stdout` import and flush stdout before reading stdin since `System.print()` no longer auto-flushes. Refactor token detection to use `lexFirst()` instead of full `lex()`, and add new `Meta.compile()` method returning a fiber. Internally rename `wrenNewString` to `wrenNewStringLength` with explicit length parameter, updating all call sites across compiler, core, and meta modules.
Add a new `servedocs` Makefile target that runs `generate_docs.py --serve`, enabling continuous doc generation and local web serving. Extend the Python script with `RootedHTTPServer` and `RootedHTTPRequestHandler` classes to serve generated HTML files from the output directory, refreshing content on each request via `format_files(True)`. Also update the shebang to `python3` and change the conversion print message from "converted" to "Built".
The comment in the WrenForeignClassMethods struct incorrectly referenced
`wrenAllocateForeign` instead of the actual function `wrenSetSlotNewForeign()`.
This fixes the documentation to match the correct API function name that must
be called exactly once inside the allocate callback body.
Remove the automatic fflush(stdout) call from the write() function in vm.c, which was causing gratuitous performance overhead on every System.write() invocation. Introduce a new Stdout class with a foreign static flush() method that delegates to fflush(stdout), giving users explicit control over when output is flushed. Update the io module registration in modules.c to include the Stdout class and bump MAX_CLASSES_PER_MODULE from 5 to 6. Add documentation for Stdout in doc/site/modules/io/stdout.markdown, update the io index and template to list the new class, and add flush() usage notes to the Stdin readByte() and readLine() docs. Implement the stdoutFlush() foreign function in io.c.
Rename the internal `ClassCompiler` struct typedef to `ClassInfo` to better reflect its purpose as a descriptor for the enclosing class context during compilation. Update all variable declarations, function signatures, and references throughout `wren_compiler.c` to use the new type name, including in `getEnclosingClass`, `field`, `super_`, and `declareMethod` functions. This resolves issue #469 by eliminating the misleading "Compiler" suffix from a type that tracks class metadata rather than compilation state.
These test cases cover malformed class declarations, invalid string literals,
corrupted identifiers, and various edge cases that previously caused crashes
but now produce expected parse errors.
The compiler previously relied on `match(TOKEN_RIGHT_BRACE)` in the while loop condition, which consumed the brace and made it impossible to detect a missing one. Changed to peek-based loop termination and added explicit `consume` call for the closing brace, ensuring proper error reporting when '}' is absent. Added regression test for issue #429.
Add parentheses around the `count` parameter in both `ALLOCATE_FLEX` and
`ALLOCATE_ARRAY` macro definitions to prevent operator precedence bugs when
the argument is an expression. Without this fix, expressions like
`sizeof(type) * n + 1` would be evaluated incorrectly due to `*` having
higher precedence than `+`.
When the fiber's stack is reallocated, pointer subtraction between old and new stack
addresses is undefined behavior. Instead of computing an offset and adding it to each
pointer, recalculate each pointer relative to the new stack base using well-defined
arithmetic within the single array. This affects the apiStack, call frame stackStart
pointers, open upvalue values, and the stackTop pointer.
Implement the `round` method on the Num class in the Wren VM, which rounds a number to the nearest integer using standard rounding rules (away from zero for .5). The implementation adds a new `DEF_NUM_FN(round, round)` macro invocation in `wren_core.c`, registers the corresponding primitive `num_round`, and includes comprehensive documentation in the core module reference. A new test file `test/core/number/round.wren` validates behavior for positive, negative, zero, and fractional values. Also adds Kyle Charters to the AUTHORS file.
In runtimeError, walk the entire fiber call chain and set each fiber's error field to the same error value, unhooking callers as we go. Previously only the immediate caller was considered, leaving intermediate fibers in an inconsistent state. This ensures that when a fiber aborts, every fiber in the chain up to (but not including) the one that catches the error via try() is properly marked as errored.
Also remove the old nested fiber tests from try.wren and add a new comprehensive test (try_through_call.wren) that verifies the percolation behavior through multiple levels of fiber calls and confirms that intermediate fibers carry the error while the catching fiber and its callers remain clean.
Move the aborted fiber check in runFiber to execute before the "already called" check, ensuring a clear error message for aborted fibers. In runtimeError, replace the single caller unhook with a loop that walks the fiber chain, preserving the callerIsTrying flag and only unhooking fibers until a try-catch boundary is found, enabling proper error propagation through nested fiber calls. Add test cases for one and two levels of nested fiber try calls.
The deleted test file `test/core/range/floating_point.wren` was a direct copy of the integer range test file, testing `.from` on integer ranges rather than actual floating-point ranges. This removal resolves issue #438 by eliminating the redundant test that provided no coverage for floating-point range behavior.
Delete the entire util/msvc2013 directory containing Visual Studio 2013 solution and project files. Add new util/vs2017 directory with updated solution targeting Visual Studio 2017 (v141 toolset) and supporting both Win32 and x64 platforms. Update .gitignore to ignore .vs/ and obj/ directories. Modify build_libuv_windows in util/libuv.py to accept an arch parameter and pass x86 or x64 to vcbuild.bat.
When a module is loaded via the host's loadModuleFn callback, the source string is dynamically allocated and ownership is transferred to the VM. Previously, this memory was never freed after compilation, causing a leak. This change introduces an `allocatedSource` flag that tracks whether the source was dynamically allocated (host-provided) or a static constant (built-in modules like "random"). After `loadModule` completes, the source is freed if it was dynamically allocated, resolving the memory leak described in issue #430.
When the lexer encounters an invalid character, it now explicitly sets the
current token's type to TOKEN_ERROR and its length to 0. Previously, the
token retained the previous token's type, which could cause the compiler
to get stuck in an infinite loop in certain code paths.
Also improves the error message for non-ASCII invalid bytes by showing
the raw hex value instead of attempting to display the character, since
the lexer operates on raw bytes without UTF-8 decoding.
Adds regression test for issue #428 that was crashing the compiler with
an out-of-bounds memory access due to this loop.
Add a new test suite for user data get/set operations on WrenVM, including
a Wren script that validates default NULL userData, retrieval after VM
creation, and mutation via wrenSetUserData. Also reorder the vm parameter
in WrenErrorFn callback signature and all its call sites to match the
convention used by other callback types, updating the typedef, the
reportError implementation, and all invocations in the compiler and
debug modules. Include the new source and header files in the Xcode
project build configuration.
Extend WrenConfiguration with a void* userData field for attaching arbitrary state to a VM instance. Add wrenGetUserData and wrenSetUserData accessor functions. Modify the WrenErrorFn typedef and all call sites (compiler, debug, VM) to pass the WrenVM pointer as the final argument, enabling error handlers to access VM context.
Add type and range checks to Sequence.skip() and Sequence.take() methods, aborting with "Count must be a non-negative integer." when count is not a non-negative integer. Rename split() parameter from 'delim' to 'delimiter' and update its error message from "Argument must be a non-empty string." to "Delimiter must be a non-empty string." for consistency. Remove old behavior allowing negative counts and add new test files for skip/take validation errors.
Implement `skip(count)` and `take(count)` on the Sequence class, backed by new SkipSequence and TakeSequence wrapper classes that lazily skip or limit iteration. Includes documentation in the sequence module markdown, core source definitions, and unit tests for edge cases (zero, negative, and overflow counts).
Fix three occurrences of the misspelled word "seperator" in the string module
documentation, updating both the function signature header and the descriptive
text in the split() method section.
Implement String.split(delim) and String.replace(from, to) methods in the core Wren VM. split returns a list of substrings separated by the given delimiter, while replace returns a new string with all occurrences of the old substring replaced by the new one. Both methods validate arguments (must be non-empty strings) and abort the fiber on invalid input. Include comprehensive test suites covering basic usage, multiple matches, non-ASCII characters, 8-bit clean data, and error cases. Update the string.markdown documentation with usage examples for both methods.
Reworded opening paragraph to improve flow and remove redundant phrasing.
Updated description of wrenInitConfiguration to emphasize prevention of uninitialized configuration.
Changed "the VM" to "Wren" in loadModuleFn description for consistent terminology.
Replace the stub "TODO: Write these docs." in configuring-the-vm.markdown with comprehensive documentation covering all WrenConfiguration fields including binding callbacks, memory management, and error handling. Also fix the typo "phyisically" to "physically" in the wren.h header comment and remove trailing whitespace on several lines.
Adds `log` method to Num class via DEF_NUM_FN macro, and `pow(_)` method via a new DEF_PRIMITIVE that calls C's `pow()`. Registers both primitives in wrenInitializeCore. Includes new test files `test/core/number/log.wren` and `test/core/number/pow.wren` covering basic cases and edge values (negative input for log, zero exponent for pow). Also adds Sven Bergström to AUTHORS.
The previous implementation used strtol() for parsing hex literals, which only supports up to 32-bit values on 32-bit architectures. This caused hex literals larger than 0x7FFFFFFF to overflow or fail. Changed to strtoll() which guarantees 64-bit parsing regardless of platform word size.
Also updated the error message to include the actual sizeof(long int) for debugging, uncommented the previously disabled 64-bit hex literal examples in syntax.wren, and added a test case for 0xdeadbeef to verify the fix works correctly.
Remove the two debug print statements for WREN_APP and TEST_APP paths that were cluttering test runner output. Update the status line format to include the relative path of the test application being run, making it clearer which binary's results are being reported when running multiple test suites.
The fpclassify() macro is not available in C++98, causing build failures on older compilers. This commit replaces the switch on fpclassify with explicit isnan() and isinf() checks, handling NaN and infinity edge cases directly. The logic for signed infinity is preserved by comparing value > 0.0 instead of using signbit(), which is also not guaranteed in C++98. This aligns with the existing usage of isnan/isinf elsewhere in the Wren codebase.
The bitwise operator tests used decimal literals exceeding u32 range, causing undefined behavior when converting double to u32 on some compilers. This replaces those values with hex equivalents that fit within u32, removes tests for values past max u32, and adds TODO comments for future handling. Also simplifies the `num_bitwiseNot` primitive by removing the intermediate `wideVal` variable, and fixes minor formatting in `util/test.py`.
The previous formula `bytesAllocated * (100 + growthPercent) / 100` incorrectly
treated `heapGrowthPercent` as a multiplier on total heap size relative to
in-use memory, rather than as an additive percentage of current allocation.
The new formula `bytesAllocated + (bytesAllocated * growthPercent / 100)`
correctly computes the next GC threshold as the current allocation plus a
configured percentage of that allocation, matching the documented intent of
the configuration parameter.
Add explanation that single-expression blocks cannot contain statements
(like class, for, if, import, return, var, while) since they don't
produce values, and show how to use a newline to create a block with
a single statement instead. Fixes#390.
Refine phrasing in the embedding guide for better readability: change "generate a runtime error" to "generate runtime errors", reword "What that gives you in return" to "What you get in return", and replace "get to the public header" with "find the public header" for more natural expression.
The test for chained assignment was incorrectly printing variable `a` twice instead of printing `b` for the second assertion. This fix changes the second `System.print(a)` to `System.print(b)` so the test correctly verifies that both `a` and `b` hold the value "chain" after the chained assignment `a = b = "chain"`.
When invoked with exactly two arguments where the second is "--version", the
main function now prints the version string (e.g. "wren 0.4.0") and exits
successfully before any other initialization occurs.
Change the C implementation of `num_smallest` primitive to return `DBL_MIN` instead of `DBL_EPSILON`, correcting the value from the machine epsilon (difference between 1.0 and next representable value) to the smallest positive representable double. Update the documentation in `num.markdown` to describe `Num.smallest` as "the smallest positive representable numeric value" and `Num.largest` as "the largest representable numeric value". Add test files `largest.wren` and `smallest.wren` verifying the expected output values.
Add two new static properties to the Num class: `Num.largest` returns `DBL_MAX`
and `Num.smallest` returns `DBL_EPSILON`. Include corresponding documentation
in the core module markdown and register the primitives in the VM core
initialization.
The function signature in both the declaration (wren_utils.h) and definition
(wren_utils.c) is updated to accept a const SymbolTable* instead of a
non-const pointer, enabling callers to pass const-qualified symbol tables
without casting away constness.
Replace the linear scan of the function's constant table in `addConstant()` with a hash map lookup using a new `ObjMap* constants` field on the `Compiler` struct. This avoids O(n) performance degradation when compiling functions with many constants, such as large literal-heavy functions. The map stores constant values as keys and their index as numeric values, lazily initialized on first insertion. Also adds OBJ_FN hashing support in `hashObject()` to allow bare function objects as map keys internally, and includes a regression test with 65,550 constant entries to validate the fix.
Add linear scan in addConstant() to check for duplicate constant values before appending. This reduces memory usage for repeated constants and enables support for functions with large numbers of repeated entries. Includes TODO noting O(n) complexity for future optimization.
Remove the List.new(_) primitive that initialized a list with null elements, merging its functionality into List.filled(_,_) which now accepts both size and default value. Add validation for negative size with a clear error message, and introduce comprehensive test coverage for filled list creation including edge cases for negative size, non-integer size, and non-numeric size arguments.
Add two new list constructors to the Wren VM: `List.new(size)` creates a list of given size with null elements, and `List.filled(size, value)` creates a list with all elements initialized to a specified default value. Includes corresponding C primitives `list_newWithSize` and `list_newWithSizeDefault`, registration in `wrenInitializeCore`, and a test file verifying both constructors produce correct counts and element values. Also adds Max Ferguson to AUTHORS.
Simplify arithmetic in wrenStringFind by removing startIndex offset from loop range and using start directly as the initial index. Rename internal primitives to string_indexOf1 and string_indexOf2 for clarity. Add validateIndex helper to clamp negative start values and reject out-of-bounds indices. Update documentation to describe the new start parameter behavior. Add comprehensive test suite for indexOf with start, including negative offsets, edge cases, and error conditions.
Add a new `indexOf(_,_)` primitive that accepts a start index for searching within strings, and modify the existing `wrenStringFind` function to accept and use a start index parameter. The existing `indexOf(_)` and `contains(_)` methods now pass 0 as the start index to maintain backward compatibility. The Boyer-Moore-Horspool search algorithm is updated to offset comparisons by the start index and return the absolute position in the original string. New test cases verify correct behavior with various start index values including edge cases where the start index exceeds string length.
The `DEBUG_TRACE` macro was using `fn->bytecode` instead of `fn->code.data` to compute the instruction offset for `wrenDumpInstruction`. This caused incorrect offset values when dumping bytecode during interpreter tracing, as the bytecode pointer is stored in the `code.data` field of the function object.
- Rename wrenGetSlotListSize to wrenGetListCount and wrenGetSlotListValue to wrenGetListElement
- Change wrenGetListElement to move element directly to another slot instead of returning WrenValue
- Update all test bindings and calls to match new API signatures
Add two new C API functions to the Wren VM that allow foreign methods to query the size of a list stored in a slot and retrieve individual values from it by index. The implementation validates the slot holds a list, extracts the internal ValueBuffer, and returns the count or a captured WrenValue respectively. Corresponding test bindings (getListSize, getListValue) and Wren test cases are included to verify the new functionality.
Add MapEntry class to expose key-value pairs during map iteration, and make Map extend Sequence so maps can be directly iterated with `for` loops. Rename the internal `iterate_` primitive to `iterate` and update error messages for invalid map iterators.
Introduce a V variable controlled by the VERBOSE environment flag across both the top-level Makefile and util/wren.mk. When VERBOSE=1 is set, V expands to empty, making all recipe lines echo their commands; otherwise V defaults to @, preserving silent builds. This replaces hardcoded @ prefixes on every recipe line with $(V), enabling developers to toggle verbosity without editing makefiles.
The raw XOR of double's 32-bit halves causes small integers to have zero low bits,
mapping all small integer keys to entry zero in the hash map. This introduces a
bit-mixing function inspired by Java's HashMap that sloshes high bits downward,
eliminating the pathological collision pattern. The map_numeric benchmark improves
by ~18%, and a contrived benchmark with keys up to 1000 becomes 52x faster.
Previously, when inserting a key that already existed in the map but was
located after a tombstone in the probe sequence, the insertion would stop
at the first tombstone and add the key there, resulting in duplicate
entries for the same key. This fix introduces a `findEntry` function that
tracks the first encountered tombstone during probing and reuses it for
insertion only when the key is not found elsewhere in the sequence.
Previously, wrenImportModule unconditionally called vm->config.loadModuleFn,
causing a crash when the host did not set that function pointer. Now the
call is guarded by a NULL check, so hosts without a module loader can still
load built-in optional modules like "random" or "meta".
Move the uv_tty_reset_mode() call to execute before uv_close() on the stdinStream handle, ensuring the terminal is restored to normal mode prior to stream closure rather than after.
Extract the inline character processing logic from the REPL's main loop into a dedicated `handleChar()` method that returns a boolean to indicate whether the loop should exit. Add `_allowAnsi` flag and corresponding getter/setters for cursor and line to support a simpler fallback REPL when ANSI escape sequences are unavailable.
Add tab-completion support to the interactive REPL by introducing a new `Meta.getModuleVariables` foreign method that returns all top-level variable names from a given module. The REPL's `run()` method now handles the tab key to append completions, and the `refreshLine` method accepts a boolean parameter to control whether completion hints are shown. Also fix the Ctrl-D exit logic (inverted condition) and remove the unused `EscapeBracket` class.
Implement cursor movement (ctrl-b left, ctrl-f right), line clearing (ctrl-k kill after cursor, ctrl-u clear entire line, ctrl-l clear screen), and history navigation (ctrl-n next, ctrl-p previous) in the repl module, along with updated TODO comments for future shortcuts.
Implement a history buffer in the REPL class that stores previously entered commands and allows cycling through them using the up and down arrow keys. The `_history` list and `_historyIndex` track the current position, with `previousHistory()` and `nextHistory()` methods restoring lines from the buffer or clearing the input when reaching the end. The `executeInput()` method now appends the current line to history before resetting, and the Ctrl-D exit condition is fixed to check `_line.isEmpty` instead of `_line == ""`.
Add executeInput() method to REPL that lexes input, determines if it's a statement or expression based on the first token, and evaluates accordingly using Meta.eval for statements or the new Meta.compileExpression for expressions. Extend Meta.compile_ foreign method with isExpression and printErrors parameters, update wrenCompile signature to support expression compilation mode, and add newline handling after equals in variable definitions.
Replace the simple fgets-based REPL loop with a full-featured interactive Wren REPL module. The new implementation supports cursor movement via arrow keys, Ctrl-A/E for line start/end, Ctrl-C/D for exit/delete, character insertion/deletion, and syntax highlighting of the current input line. The C side now imports the "repl" Wren module and runs the libuv event loop instead of blocking on stdin reads.
Add a new public API function `wrenAbortFiber()` that allows foreign methods to abort the currently executing fiber with a custom runtime error object. The function validates the API slot, then sets the fiber's error field to the value in the specified slot. The interpreter loop is updated to check for a non-null fiber error after calling a foreign method, triggering a runtime error if set. New test files (error.c, error.h, error.wren) demonstrate usage via a static Error.runtimeError foreign method, verifying that the error is propagated through Fiber.try() and that the fiber's isDone and error properties are correctly set. Xcode project updated to include the new error.c source file.
The link to the iterator protocol section in control-flow.html was incorrectly
pointing to `../control-flow.html` instead of `../../control-flow.html`, which
is the correct relative path from the `doc/site/modules/core/` directory.
Add a new `isWindows` static method to the `Platform` class that returns `true` when the host operating system name equals "Windows". This provides a less stringly-typed API compared to checking `Platform.name` directly. The implementation is a simple delegation to the existing `name` foreign method, comparing it against the "Windows" string. Includes a test that verifies `Platform.isWindows` is equivalent to `Platform.name == "Windows"`.
Add a new `isTerminal` static method to the Stdin class that returns `true` when
stdin is connected to a TTY (interactive terminal) and `false` when input comes
from a pipe. Implementation uses libuv's `uv_guess_handle` to check the stdin
descriptor. Includes documentation, foreign method declaration, module
registration, and a test expecting `false` since tests run non-interactively.
Rename the "process" module to "os" across all source files, documentation, tests, and build configuration. Add a new Platform class to the os module with static methods `name` (returns OS string like "Windows", "Linux", "OS X", "iOS", "Unix", "POSIX", or "Unknown") and `isPosix` (returns bool indicating POSIX compliance). Update all import paths from "process" to "os" in test files and module registrations. Move process.c/h to os.c/h, rename processSetArguments to osSetArguments, and regenerate the os.wren.inc bytecode source. Add documentation pages for the os module and Platform class.
Define WREN_VERSION_MAJOR, WREN_VERSION_MINOR, WREN_VERSION_PATCH macros,
WREN_VERSION_STRING "0.1.0", and WREN_VERSION_NUMBER for monotonic checks.
Update REPL banner to use WREN_VERSION_STRING instead of hardcoded "v0.0.0".
Create CHANGELOG.md documenting the first declared version.
Rename the `WrenValue` type to `WrenHandle` in the public C header, update all
function signatures (`wrenMakeCallHandle`, `wrenCall`, `wrenReleaseHandle`),
and rename the documentation page from "Slots and Values" to "Slots and Handles"
with corresponding link updates throughout the embedding guide and module source
files.
Bob Nystrom