feat: add Alexander Roper to AUTHORS and expand embedding API documentation

- Add Alexander Roper to AUTHORS file with newline fix for Starbeamrainbowlabs entry
- Replace placeholder embedding API docs with full guide covering static/dynamic linking and source inclusion
- Update codebase line count from 5,000 to 7,000 lines in README and index
- Fix relative documentation links to absolute URLs in README
- Add CSS styling for preprocessor directive syntax highlighting
- Update Xcode project file references and CopyFiles build phase UUID
- Adjust delta_blue benchmark expected value from 7032700 to 14065400
- Improve markdown header detection regex in generate_docs.py to avoid matching #include
- Refactor metrics.py to exclude curly brace lines from code line counting
- Add TEST_HEADERS dependency to test object compilation in wren.mk
- Remove NULL parameter from runFile call in main.c
- Refactor vm.c to support WrenBindForeignClassFn callback and rename externalBindForeign to bindMethodFn
- Update vm.h to remove bindForeign parameter documentation and adjust runFile signature

test/api/foreign_class.c

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "foreign_class.h"
+
+static void counterAllocate(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  double* value = (double*)wrenAllocateForeign(vm, sizeof(double));
+  *value = 0;
+}
+
+static void counterIncrement(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  double* value = (double*)wrenGetArgumentForeign(vm, 0);
+  double increment = wrenGetArgumentDouble(vm, 1);
+
+  *value += increment;
+}
+
+static void counterValue(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  double value = *(double*)wrenGetArgumentForeign(vm, 0);
+  wrenReturnDouble(vm, value);
+}
+
+static void pointAllocate(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  double* coordinates = (double*)wrenAllocateForeign(vm, sizeof(double[3]));
+
+  // This gets called by both constructors, so sniff the argument count to see
+  // which one was invoked.
+  if (wrenGetArgumentCount(vm) == 1)
+  {
+    coordinates[0] = 0.0;
+    coordinates[1] = 0.0;
+    coordinates[2] = 0.0;
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    coordinates[0] = wrenGetArgumentDouble(vm, 1);
+    coordinates[1] = wrenGetArgumentDouble(vm, 2);
+    coordinates[2] = wrenGetArgumentDouble(vm, 3);
+  }
+}
+
+static void pointTranslate(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  double* coordinates = (double*)wrenGetArgumentForeign(vm, 0);
+  coordinates[0] += wrenGetArgumentDouble(vm, 1);
+  coordinates[1] += wrenGetArgumentDouble(vm, 2);
+  coordinates[2] += wrenGetArgumentDouble(vm, 3);
+}
+
+static void pointToString(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  double* coordinates = (double*)wrenGetArgumentForeign(vm, 0);
+  char result[100];
+  sprintf(result, "(%g, %g, %g)",
+      coordinates[0], coordinates[1], coordinates[2]);
+  wrenReturnString(vm, result, (int)strlen(result));
+}
+
+WrenForeignMethodFn foreignClassBindMethod(const char* signature)
+{
+  if (strcmp(signature, "Counter.increment(_)") == 0) return counterIncrement;
+  if (strcmp(signature, "Counter.value") == 0) return counterValue;
+  if (strcmp(signature, "Point.translate(_,_,_)") == 0) return pointTranslate;
+  if (strcmp(signature, "Point.toString") == 0) return pointToString;
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+void foreignClassBindClass(
+    const char* className, WrenForeignClassMethods* methods)
+{
+  if (strcmp(className, "Counter") == 0)
+  {
+    methods->allocate = counterAllocate;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (strcmp(className, "Point") == 0)
+  {
+    methods->allocate = pointAllocate;
+    return;
+  }
+}

test/api/foreign_class.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "wren.h"
+
+WrenForeignMethodFn foreignClassBindMethod(const char* signature);
+void foreignClassBindClass(
+    const char* className, WrenForeignClassMethods* methods);

test/api/foreign_class.wren

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// Class with a default constructor.
+foreign class Counter {
+  foreign increment(amount)
+  foreign value
+}
+
+var counter = Counter.new()
+IO.print(counter.value) // expect: 0
+counter.increment(3.1)
+IO.print(counter.value) // expect: 3.1
+counter.increment(1.2)
+IO.print(counter.value) // expect: 4.3
+
+// Foreign classes can inherit a class as long as it has no fields.
+class PointBase {
+  inherited() {
+    IO.print("inherited method")
+  }
+}
+
+// Class with non-default constructor.
+foreign class Point is PointBase {
+  construct new() {
+    IO.print("default")
+  }
+
+  construct new(x, y, z) {
+    IO.print(x, ", ", y, ", ", z)
+  }
+
+  foreign translate(x, y, z)
+  foreign toString
+}
+
+var p = Point.new(1, 2, 3) // expect: 1, 2, 3
+IO.print(p) // expect: (1, 2, 3)
+p.translate(3, 4, 5)
+IO.print(p) // expect: (4, 6, 8)
+
+p = Point.new() // expect: default
+IO.print(p) // expect: (0, 0, 0)
+
+p.inherited() // expect: inherited method
+
+var error = Fiber.new {
+  class Subclass is Point {}
+}.try()
+IO.print(error) // expect: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from foreign class 'Point'.

test/api/get_value/get_value.h

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-#include "wren.h"
-
-WrenForeignMethodFn getValueBindForeign(const char* signature);

test/api/main.c

@@ -5,18 +5,23 @@
 #include "vm.h"
 #include "wren.h"
 
-#include "get_value/get_value.h"
-#include "return_bool/return_bool.h"
-#include "return_double/return_double.h"
-#include "return_null/return_null.h"
+#include "foreign_class.h"
+#include "returns.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
-#define REGISTER_TEST(name, camelCase) \
-  if (strcmp(testName, #name) == 0) return camelCase##BindForeign(fullName)
+#define REGISTER_METHOD(name, camelCase) \
+  if (strcmp(testName, #name) == 0) return camelCase##BindMethod(fullName)
+
+#define REGISTER_CLASS(name, camelCase) \
+    if (strcmp(testName, #name) == 0) \
+    { \
+      camelCase##BindClass(className, &methods); \
+    }
 
 // The name of the currently executing API test.
 const char* testName;
 
-static WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeign(
+static WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeignMethod(
     WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className,
     bool isStatic, const char* signature)
 {
@@ -31,10 +36,9 @@ static WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeign(
   strcat(fullName, ".");
   strcat(fullName, signature);
 
-  REGISTER_TEST(get_value, getValue);
-  REGISTER_TEST(return_bool, returnBool);
-  REGISTER_TEST(return_double, returnDouble);
-  REGISTER_TEST(return_null, returnNull);
+  REGISTER_METHOD(foreign_class, foreignClass);
+  REGISTER_METHOD(returns, returns);
+  REGISTER_METHOD(value, value);
 
   fprintf(stderr,
       "Unknown foreign method '%s' for test '%s'\n", fullName, testName);
@@ -42,6 +46,18 @@ static WrenForeignMethodFn bindForeign(
   return NULL;
 }
 
+static WrenForeignClassMethods bindForeignClass(
+    WrenVM* vm, const char* module, const char* className)
+{
+  WrenForeignClassMethods methods = { NULL, NULL };
+  if (strcmp(module, "main") != 0) return methods;
+
+  REGISTER_CLASS(foreign_class, foreignClass);
+
+  return methods;
+}
+
+
 int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
 {
   if (argc != 2)
@@ -52,14 +68,13 @@ int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
 
   testName = argv[1];
 
-  // The test script is at "test/api/<test>/<test>.wren".
+  // The test script is at "test/api/<test>.wren".
   char testPath[256];
   strcpy(testPath, "test/api/");
   strcat(testPath, testName);
-  strcat(testPath, "/");
-  strcat(testPath, testName);
   strcat(testPath, ".wren");
 
-  runFile(testPath, bindForeign);
+  setForeignCallbacks(bindForeignMethod, bindForeignClass);
+  runFile(testPath);
   return 0;
 }

test/api/return_bool/return_bool.c

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "return_bool.h"
-
-static void returnTrue(WrenVM* vm)
-{
-  wrenReturnBool(vm, true);
-}
-
-static void returnFalse(WrenVM* vm)
-{
-  wrenReturnBool(vm, false);
-}
-
-WrenForeignMethodFn returnBoolBindForeign(const char* signature)
-{
-  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnTrue") == 0) return returnTrue;
-  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnFalse") == 0) return returnFalse;
-
-  return NULL;
-}

test/api/return_bool/return_bool.h

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-#include "wren.h"
-
-WrenForeignMethodFn returnBoolBindForeign(const char* signature);

test/api/return_bool/return_bool.wren

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-class Api {
-  foreign static returnTrue
-  foreign static returnFalse
-}
-
-IO.print(Api.returnTrue)  // expect: true
-IO.print(Api.returnFalse) // expect: false

test/api/return_double/return_double.c

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "return_double.h"
-
-static void returnInt(WrenVM* vm)
-{
-  wrenReturnDouble(vm, 123456);
-}
-
-static void returnFloat(WrenVM* vm)
-{
-  wrenReturnDouble(vm, 123.456);
-}
-
-WrenForeignMethodFn returnDoubleBindForeign(const char* signature)
-{
-  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnInt") == 0) return returnInt;
-  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnFloat") == 0) return returnFloat;
-
-  return NULL;
-}

test/api/return_double/return_double.h

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-#include "wren.h"
-
-WrenForeignMethodFn returnDoubleBindForeign(const char* signature);

test/api/return_double/return_double.wren

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-class Api {
-  foreign static returnInt
-  foreign static returnFloat
-}
-
-IO.print(Api.returnInt)  // expect: 123456
-IO.print(Api.returnFloat) // expect: 123.456

test/api/return_null/return_null.c

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "return_null.h"
-
-static void implicitNull(WrenVM* vm)
-{
-  // Do nothing.
-}
-
-WrenForeignMethodFn returnNullBindForeign(const char* signature)
-{
-  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.implicitNull") == 0) return implicitNull;
-
-  return NULL;
-}

test/api/return_null/return_null.h

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-#include "wren.h"
-
-WrenForeignMethodFn returnNullBindForeign(const char* signature);

test/api/return_null/return_null.wren

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-class Api {
-  foreign static implicitNull
-}
-
-IO.print(Api.implicitNull == null) // expect: true

test/api/returns.c

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "returns.h"
+
+static void implicitNull(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  // Do nothing.
+}
+
+static void returnInt(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  wrenReturnDouble(vm, 123456);
+}
+
+static void returnFloat(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  wrenReturnDouble(vm, 123.456);
+}
+
+static void returnTrue(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  wrenReturnBool(vm, true);
+}
+
+static void returnFalse(WrenVM* vm)
+{
+  wrenReturnBool(vm, false);
+}
+
+WrenForeignMethodFn returnsBindMethod(const char* signature)
+{
+  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.implicitNull") == 0) return implicitNull;
+  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnInt") == 0) return returnInt;
+  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnFloat") == 0) return returnFloat;
+  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnTrue") == 0) return returnTrue;
+  if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.returnFalse") == 0) return returnFalse;
+
+  return NULL;
+}

test/api/returns.h

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#include "wren.h"
+
+WrenForeignMethodFn returnsBindMethod(const char* signature);

test/api/returns.wren

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+class Api {
+  foreign static implicitNull
+
+  foreign static returnInt
+  foreign static returnFloat
+
+  foreign static returnTrue
+  foreign static returnFalse
+}
+
+IO.print(Api.implicitNull == null) // expect: true
+
+IO.print(Api.returnInt)  // expect: 123456
+IO.print(Api.returnFloat) // expect: 123.456
+
+IO.print(Api.returnTrue)  // expect: true
+IO.print(Api.returnFalse) // expect: false

test/api/value.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
-#include "get_value.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 static WrenValue* value;
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ static void getValue(WrenVM* vm)
   wrenReleaseValue(vm, value);
 }
 
-WrenForeignMethodFn getValueBindForeign(const char* signature)
+WrenForeignMethodFn valueBindMethod(const char* signature)
 {
   if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.value=(_)") == 0) return setValue;
   if (strcmp(signature, "static Api.value") == 0) return getValue;

test/api/value.h

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#include "wren.h"
+
+WrenForeignMethodFn valueBindMethod(const char* signature);

test/benchmark/delta_blue.py

@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ planner = None
 def delta_blue():
     global total
     start = time.clock()
-    for i in range(20):
+    for i in range(40):
         chain_test(100)
         projection_test(100)
     print(total)

test/benchmark/delta_blue.wren

@@ -34,17 +34,6 @@
 // I've kept it this way to avoid deviating too much from the original
 // implementation.
 
-// TODO: Support forward declarations of globals.
-var REQUIRED        = null
-var STRONG_REFERRED = null
-var PREFERRED       = null
-var STRONG_DEFAULT  = null
-var NORMAL          = null
-var WEAK_DEFAULT    = null
-var WEAKEST         = null
-
-var ORDERED = null
-
 // Strengths are used to measure the relative importance of constraints.
 // New strengths may be inserted in the strength hierarchy without
 // disrupting current constraints.  Strengths cannot be created outside
@@ -67,15 +56,15 @@ class Strength {
 }
 
 // Compile time computed constants.
-REQUIRED        = Strength.new(0, "required")
-STRONG_REFERRED = Strength.new(1, "strongPreferred")
-PREFERRED       = Strength.new(2, "preferred")
-STRONG_DEFAULT  = Strength.new(3, "strongDefault")
-NORMAL          = Strength.new(4, "normal")
-WEAK_DEFAULT    = Strength.new(5, "weakDefault")
-WEAKEST         = Strength.new(6, "weakest")
+var REQUIRED        = Strength.new(0, "required")
+var STRONG_REFERRED = Strength.new(1, "strongPreferred")
+var PREFERRED       = Strength.new(2, "preferred")
+var STRONG_DEFAULT  = Strength.new(3, "strongDefault")
+var NORMAL          = Strength.new(4, "normal")
+var WEAK_DEFAULT    = Strength.new(5, "weakDefault")
+var WEAKEST         = Strength.new(6, "weakest")
 
-ORDERED = [
+var ORDERED = [
   WEAKEST, WEAK_DEFAULT, NORMAL, STRONG_DEFAULT, PREFERRED, STRONG_REFERRED
 ]
 
@@ -701,7 +690,7 @@ var projectionTest = Fn.new {|n|
 }
 
 var start = IO.clock
-for (i in 0...20) {
+for (i in 0...40) {
   chainTest.call(100)
   projectionTest.call(100)
 }

test/language/class/field_in_foreign_class.wren

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+foreign class Foo {
+  bar {
+    // Can't read a field.
+    IO.print(_bar) // expect error
+
+    // Or write one.
+    _bar = "value" // expect error
+  }
+}

test/language/class/foreign_class_inherit_fields.wren

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class Foo {
+  method() {
+    _field = "value"
+  }
+}
+
+foreign class Bar is Foo {} // expect runtime error: Foreign class 'Bar' may not inherit from a class with fields.

test/language/class/missing_class_after_foreign.wren

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// Missing "class".
+foreign blah A {} // expect error

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_class.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Subclass is Class {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from Class.
+class Subclass is Class {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'Class'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_closure.wren

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ var ClosureType
   ClosureType = Fn.new { IO.print(a) }.type
 }
 
-class Subclass is ClosureType {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from Fn.
+class Subclass is ClosureType {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'Fn'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_fiber.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Subclass is Fiber {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from Fiber.
+class Subclass is Fiber {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'Fiber'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_fn.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Subclass is Fn {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from Fn.
+class Subclass is Fn {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'Fn'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_list.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Subclass is List {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from List.
+class Subclass is List {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'List'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_map.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Subclass is Map {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from Map.
+class Subclass is Map {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'Map'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_nonclass.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Foo is 123 {} // expect runtime error: Must inherit from a class.
+class Foo is 123 {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Foo' cannot inherit from a non-class object.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_range.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Subclass is Range {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from Range.
+class Subclass is Range {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'Range'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_from_string.wren

@@ -1 +1 @@
-class Subclass is String {} // expect runtime error: Subclass cannot inherit from String.
+class Subclass is String {} // expect runtime error: Class 'Subclass' cannot inherit from built-in class 'String'.

test/language/inheritance/inherit_methods.wren

@@ -22,5 +22,3 @@ bar.method(1, 2) // expect: bar
 bar.method(1, 2, 3) // expect: foo
 bar.method(1, 2, 3, 4) // expect: bar
 bar.override // expect: bar
-
-// TODO: Prevent extending built-in types.

test/language/number/literals.wren

@@ -6,5 +6,4 @@ IO.print(-0)      // expect: -0
 IO.print(123.456) // expect: 123.456
 IO.print(-0.001)  // expect: -0.001
 
-// TODO: Scientific notation?
 // TODO: Literals at and beyond numeric limits.

test/language/number/scientific_float_missing_exponent.wren

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+var x = 1.2e // expect error

test/language/number/scientific_floating_exponent.wren

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+var x = 1.2e3.4 // expect error

test/language/number/scientific_literals.wren

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+var x = 2.55e2
+
+IO.print(x) // expect: 255
+IO.print(x + 1) // expect: 256
+IO.print(x == 255) // expect: true
+IO.print(2.55e-2 is Num) // expect: true
+IO.print(x is Num) // expect: true
+IO.print(-2.55e2) // expect: -255
+IO.print(-25500e-2) // expect: -255

test/language/number/scientific_missing_exponent.wren

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+var x = 1e // expect error

test/language/number/scientific_missing_fractional_part.wren

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+var x = 1.e // expect runtime error: Num does not implement 'e'.

test/language/number/scientific_multiple_exponants.wren

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+var x = 1.2e3e4 // expect error