using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;

// Unicode comment: 你好世界 🌍🚀

public class EdgeCases
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Unicode string literals
        string unicode = "こんにちは世界";
        Console.WriteLine(unicode);

        // Null byte embedded
        string nullStr = "hello\x00world";
        Console.WriteLine($"Null-str length: {nullStr.Length}");

        // Deeply nested generics
        var deep = new Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, string>>>>>
        {
            { 1, new Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, string>>>>
                {
                    { 2, new Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, string>>>
                        {
                            { 3, new Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, string>>
                                {
                                    { 4, new Dictionary<int, string> { { 5, "deep" } } }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        };
        Console.WriteLine(deep[1][2][3][4][5]);

        // Very long string
        string longStr = new string('x', 10000);
        Console.WriteLine($"Long string length: {longStr.Length}");

        // BOM prefix
        byte[] bom = { 0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF, (byte)'H', (byte)'i' };
        Console.WriteLine(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bom));

        // Deep exception nesting
        try
        {
            try
            {
                try
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("inner");
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new ApplicationException("middle", ex);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception("outer", ex);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Nested exception: {ex.Message}");
        }
    }
}