print("=== Pointers Demo ===");
print("");

print("--- Basic Pointer Operations ---");
x = 42;
print("x =", x);

ptr = &x;
print("ptr = &x (pointer to x)");
print("*ptr (dereferenced) =", *ptr);

print("");
print("--- Simulating Pass by Reference ---");
class RefDemo {
    RefDemo(this) {
    }

    swap(this, a, b) {
        temp = a[0];
        a[0] = b[0];
        b[0] = temp;
    }

    doubleValue(this, ref) {
        ref[0] = ref[0] * 2;
    }
}

demo = new RefDemo();

val1 = {10};
val2 = {20};
print("Before swap: val1 =", val1[0], ", val2 =", val2[0]);
demo.swap(val1, val2);
print("After swap: val1 =", val1[0], ", val2 =", val2[0]);

num = {50};
print("Before double:", num[0]);
demo.doubleValue(num);
print("After double:", num[0]);

print("");
print("--- Array as Reference Container ---");
data = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
print("Original array:");
for (i = 0; i < len(data); i++) {
    print("  data[" + str(i) + "] =", data[i]);
}

class ArrayModifier {
    ArrayModifier(this) {
    }

    multiplyAll(this, arr, factor) {
        for (j = 0; j < len(arr); j++) {
            arr[j] = arr[j] * factor;
        }
    }
}

modifier = new ArrayModifier();
modifier.multiplyAll(data, 10);

print("After multiplying by 10:");
for (i = 0; i < len(data); i++) {
    print("  data[" + str(i) + "] =", data[i]);
}

print("");
print("--- Reference Wrapper Pattern ---");
class Ref {
    value = null;

    Ref(this, v) {
        this.value = v;
    }

    get(this) {
        return this.value;
    }

    set(this, v) {
        this.value = v;
    }
}

refInt = new Ref(42);
print("Ref value:", refInt.get());

refInt.set(100);
print("After set(100):", refInt.get());

print("");
print("All pointer tests completed");